Design Guidelines for Adaptive Seating for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Case Study in Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often experience challenges in maintaining postural stability and mobility due to muscle tone irregularities and motor impairments. Adaptive seating solutions provide proper postural support, enhance functional movement, and ensure comfort. However, many existing seating solutions lack the flexibility and ergonomic considerations necessary for accommodating the diverse needs of children with CP. This study aims to develop comprehensive design guidelines for adaptive seating by analyzing real-world challenges children, caregivers, and rehabilitation specialists face. A case study was conducted at two rehabilitation clinics in Kuala Lumpur, involving interviews with two physiotherapists and one occupational therapist, alongside direct observations of children using adaptive seating. Additionally, caregiver feedback was gathered to assess usability and daily practical challenges. The findings emphasize key design aspects such as adjustability, postural support, pressure management, accessibility, safety, growth adaptability, and material selection. A significant issue identified was the lack of modularity in existing seating, leading to frequent replacements as children grow. Therapists highlighted the importance of using durable, hypoallergenic, and easy-to-clean materials to ensure hygiene and longevity. Furthermore, user-friendly features such as swing-away footrests and secure harnessing systems were recommended to enhance safety and ease of use. By incorporating insights from rehabilitation specialists and caregivers, this research establishes practical design guidelines for adaptive seating tailored to the specific needs of children with CP. Future innovations should explore smart assistive technologies and modular designs to improve adaptability and long-term usability, thereby enhancing the quality of life for children and reducing caregiver burden.